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J. W. CARVER.

SIGHT FOR FIRE ARMS.

No. 387,282: Patented Aug. '7, 1888.

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PATENT JAMES WV. CARVER, OF PAWLET, VERMONT.

SIGHT FOR FIRE ARMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 387,282, dated August 7, 1888.

Application filed February 1'7, 1888. Serial No. 264,324. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES W. CARVER, of Pawlct, in the county of Rutland and State of Vermont, have invented an Improvement in fSights for Fire-Arms, of which the following 1s a specification.

This sight is adapted to be attached upon the stock of any ordinary ride or firearm, and 1t 1S hinged, so that it may be turned down out of the way when not in use or turned up vertically and held by the spring regardless of the inclination of the base of the sight upon the stock of the fire-arm, and I providefor adjusting the sight laterally to make allowance for the action of the wind upon the bullet, and the sight itself can be raised or lowered in the hinged frame or leaf by a vertical screw, and the sight itself is attached by a tubular screw forming the peep ho1e,which screw is changeable for different sizes of peepholes, and I provide a shield which can be raised or lowered to correspond in height to the sight, and it can be moved laterally, so that such shield allows the marksman to keep both eyes open, the shield preventing the mark being seen by the left eye, the sight being taken by the right eye, or the reverse; and my special features of improvement relate to the construction and combination of devices hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical 10ngitudinal section of the sight turned up in position for use. Fig. 2 is an elevation from the rear with the base in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan at the line x a", Fig. 1. Figs. 4 and 5 are views representing slight modifications in the base-piece; and Fig. 6 is a section at the line 3 y, Fig. 1.

The base Ais to be attached to the stock of the gun by the two screws 2 and 3, and there is in the base a longitudinal slot for the reception of the screw 3, said slot being recessed, so that the head of the screw is below the top surface of the base A, and the opposite faces of the slot are grooved longitudinally for the reception of the sliding cover B.

The frame or leaf 0 is provided at its lower end with a cylindrical projection, 5, forming part of the hinge upon which the sight can be swung up or down. This cylinder 5 is received between the joint-pieces 6 6, and there is a screw, D, through the central holes of these pieces 5 and 6, so as to form a hinge for the frame or leaf of the sight, and by tightening this screw D the necessary friction is applied to the ends of the cylinder 5; but it is preferable to make in this cylinder 5 small longitudinal grooves and to screw upon the sliding cover or transverse slide I a small spring, 7, the straight or V-shaped end of which enters one of these grooves, and these grooves should be slightly beveled or V- shaped similar to ratchet-teeth, so that this spring 7 will hold the frame G in any position in which it may be turned, and this construction allows for the frame 0 being turned up vertically and held by the end of the spring 7, regardless of the inclination of the base A upon the stock of the fire-arm.

Within the frame 0 is the vertical adj ustingscrew E, having the head 8 above the top of the frame 0, and there is a groove along the inner edge of this frame 0 at one side, about half the diameter of the screw E, so that one side of this screw is received into this groove and the other side of the screw projects, and there is a block, F, within the frame 0, having at one edge the semicircular threaded groove corresponding to the screw E, so that by rotating this screw E the block F can be raised or lowered to any desired point, and there is upon the frame C a scale indicating by the main divisions ranges of one hundred yards each, and the small intermediate divisions indicate twenty-five, fifty, and seventy-five yard ranges, and these may be numbered, if desired, so that the block F and the sight G, which is carried by the same, can be raised or lowered to adapt the same to the distance of the target or other object fired at. Through this sight G is a central hole, and the tubular screw 10 passes through the block F and screws into the sight G, for clamping and holding the same to the frame 0, and the parts are loosened, so as to be easily raised or lowered by partially rotating the sight G, the

screw 10 remaining stationary. This screw 10, being tubular, forms the peep -hole of the sight,and the face of the sight is plain, the head of the screw being in the rear, and this screw is changeable, so that any desired size of hole through the tubular screw may be made use of, thus changing the size of the peep-hole by removing one screw and substituting another.

The open-sight H is in the form of a plate that hangs from the screw 10, and it is notched as usual in open sights; but it may be pushed up behind the sight G, when desired, there being a slot in the upper part of this open sight for the passage of the screw 10, and at one edge of this open sight is a pointer or index for denoting the range by the scale or divisions upon the face of the frame 0.

Y I provide for adjusting the sightlaterally to adapt the same to shooting when the bullet is liable to be influenced by lateral currents of wind. To provide for this adjustment, Iconnect thejoint-pieces 6 to the transverse slide I, that is within the groove running across the base-piece A, and below this transverse slide the nut 18 projects down into the opening in the base A, and the screw K passes across the base and through this nut 18, and the screw has a head at one end, so that it can easily be rotated by hand, and in so doing the slide I is moved laterally one way or the other across the base A and the vertical axial line of the sight to the right or to the left, as maybe necessary in adjusting such sight, to allow for the action of the wind upon the ball. The modifications shown in Figs. 4 and 5 correspond to the devices shown in Figs. 1,2,3, except that in Fig. 5 the V portions are transposed and the index in one case is above the pointer and in the other case it is below the pointer.

The marksman often finds it difficult to keep one eye shut and at the same time to look steadily with the other eye at the'object aimed at. I provide an adjustable shield or shade that is so placed as to cover the object aimed at, as the same would be observed by the left eye; hence the marksman can keep both eyes open, but he will only see the object aimed at by one eye-usually the right; but of course the shade can be reversed in position to allow for sighting with the left eye.

I attach to the frame 0 the projecting bars L by the screws 12, and within these bars are the vertical slide-bars M, carrying the shade or shield N, and there is a block, 13, and screw 14, by which the shade N is connected to the vertical bars M, so that this shade N can be raised or lowered to the same height as the sight G, and, ifnecessary, it can moved with the bars M laterally to a greater or less distance, according to the distance of the target or object aimed at, so that such shade effectually intervenes between one eye of the marksman and the object aimed at, allowing him only to see that object through the peep-hole of the sight G. These bars L may be attached at either side of the frame 0, so as to be in front of either the right or the left eye.

It is usually preferable to provide an index or scale, 16, upon the base A and a pointer upon the transverse slide I, so that in adj usting the wind-gage the movement may be more or less, according to the velocity of the wind.

I claim as my invention- 1. The base A, having a hole for the screw 2 and a longitudinal slot for the screw 3, in combination with the slide-cover B, passing into the slot above the screw for closing the slot, and the frame above the base, and the adj ustable sight sliding vertically in the frame, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the base A and the frame or leaf 0, and vertically-adjustable sight G within the frame, of transverse slide I and the joint 5 and 6, for connecting the frame 0 to the slide, and the spring 7 upon the slide,acting to hold the joint-piece 6 and frame 0 in any position to which it may be turned upon the hinge, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the vertical frame 0, the sight G, and the adjustable block F, sliding in the frame and supporting the sight, of a separate removable tubular screw passing through the block and into the sight and forming the peep-hole of the sight, such screw being changeable to vary the size of the tubular peep-hole, substantially as set forth.

4:. The combination, with the sight G, frame 0, and base A, of the transverse slide I within ways or grooves across the base, and the hingepieces on the transverse slide for connecting it to said frame 0, and the screw K across the base A, for adjusting the slide transversely of the base A, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the sight and the frame for supporting the same, of lateral bars L, extending from the sight-frame, the vertical bars M, supported by the said bars L, and the shade or shield carried by such vertical bars M and vertically adjustable upon such bars M, substantially as set forth.

6. The vertically-adjustable peep-hole sight and the shield or shade to intervene between one eye and the object aimed at and shut off the vision, in combination with a frame and vertical bars for carrying the sight and the shield and in which the same can be adjusted vertically, substantially as set forth.

7. The base A, having a hole and a screw, 2, therein, and slotted longitudinally at one end, and a screw, 3, therein, in combination with the adjustable slide and frame above the base,and the adjustable sight sliding vertically in the frame, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 1st day of February, 1888.

JAMES WV. CARVER.

Witnesses:

F. H. VAIL, P. G. VAIL. 

